TRPML1 (transient receptor potential mucolipin 1) is a lysosomal ion channel permeable to cations, including Fe2+. Mutations in MCOLN1, the gene coding for TRPML1, cause the LSD (lysosomal storage disease) MLIV (mucolipidosis type IV). The role of TRPML1 in the cell is disputed and the mechanisms of cell deterioration in MLIV are unclear. The demonstration of Fe2+ buildup in MLIV cells raised the possibility that TRPML1 dissipates lysosomal Fe2+ and prevents its accumulation. Since Fe2+ catalyses the production of ROS (reactive oxygen species), we set out to test whether or not the loss of TRPML1 promotes ROS production by Fe2+ trapped in lysosomes. Our data show that RPE1 (retinal pigmented epithelial 1) cells develop a punctate mitochondrial phenotype within 48 h of siRNA-induced TRPML1-KD (knockdown). This mitochondrial fragmentation was aggravated by Fe2+ exposure, but was reversed by incubation with the ROS chelator α-Toc (α-tocopherol). The exposure of TRPML1-KD cells to Fe2+ led to loss of ΔΨm (mitochondrial membrane potential), ROS buildup, lipid peroxidation and increased transcription of genes responsive to cytotoxic oxidative stress in TRPML1-KD cells. These data suggest that TRPML1 redistributes Fe2+ between the lysosomes and the cytoplasm. Fe2+ buildup caused by TRPML1 loss potentiates ROS production and leads to mitochondrial deterioration. Beyond suggesting a new model for MLIV pathogenesis, these data show that TRPML1's role in the cell extends outside lysosomes.
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Research Article|
December 20 2013
Loss of TRPML1 promotes production of reactive oxygen species: is oxidative damage a factor in mucolipidosis type IV?
Jessica Coblentz;
Jessica Coblentz
*Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, 4249 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, U.S.A.
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Claudette St. Croix;
Claudette St. Croix
†Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh, 4249 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, U.S.A.
‡Center for Biologic Imaging, University of Pittsburgh, 4249 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, U.S.A.
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Kirill Kiselyov
Kirill Kiselyov
1
*Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, 4249 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, U.S.A.
1To whom correspondence should be addressed (email kiselyov@pitt.edu).
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Publisher: Portland Press Ltd
Received:
May 09 2013
Revision Received:
October 31 2013
Accepted:
November 06 2013
Accepted Manuscript online:
November 06 2013
Online ISSN: 1470-8728
Print ISSN: 0264-6021
© The Authors Journal compilation © 2014 Biochemical Society
2014
Biochem J (2014) 457 (2): 361–368.
Article history
Received:
May 09 2013
Revision Received:
October 31 2013
Accepted:
November 06 2013
Accepted Manuscript online:
November 06 2013
Citation
Jessica Coblentz, Claudette St. Croix, Kirill Kiselyov; Loss of TRPML1 promotes production of reactive oxygen species: is oxidative damage a factor in mucolipidosis type IV?. Biochem J 15 January 2014; 457 (2): 361–368. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/BJ20130647
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