Glucose entry into muscle cells is precisely regulated by insulin, through recruitment of GLUT4 (glucose transporter-4) to the membrane of muscle and fat cells. Work done over more than two decades has contributed to mapping the insulin signalling and GLUT4 vesicle trafficking events underpinning this response. In spite of this intensive scientific research, there are outstanding questions that continue to challenge us today. The present review summarizes the knowledge in the field, with emphasis on the latest breakthroughs in insulin signalling at the level of AS160 (Akt substrate of 160 kDa), TBC1D1 (tre-2/USP6, BUB2, cdc16 domain family member 1) and their target Rab proteins; in vesicle trafficking at the level of vesicle mobilization, tethering, docking and fusion with the membrane; and in the participation of the cytoskeleton to achieve optimal temporal and spatial location of insulin-derived signals and GLUT4 vesicles.
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July 2008
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Review Article|
June 26 2008
Insulin action on glucose transporters through molecular switches, tracks and tethers
Hilal Zaid;
Hilal Zaid
*Program in Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
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Costin N. Antonescu;
Costin N. Antonescu
*Program in Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
†Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
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Varinder K. Randhawa;
Varinder K. Randhawa
*Program in Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
†Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
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Amira Klip
Amira Klip
1
*Program in Cell Biology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
†Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
1To whom correspondence should be addressed (email amira@sickkids.ca).
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Publisher: Portland Press Ltd
Received:
April 08 2008
Revision Received:
May 01 2008
Accepted:
May 02 2008
Online ISSN: 1470-8728
Print ISSN: 0264-6021
© The Authors Journal compilation © 2008 Biochemical Society
2008
Biochem J (2008) 413 (2): 201–215.
Article history
Received:
April 08 2008
Revision Received:
May 01 2008
Accepted:
May 02 2008
Citation
Hilal Zaid, Costin N. Antonescu, Varinder K. Randhawa, Amira Klip; Insulin action on glucose transporters through molecular switches, tracks and tethers. Biochem J 15 July 2008; 413 (2): 201–215. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/BJ20080723
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