sPLA2 (secretory phospholipase A2) enzymes have been implicated in various biological events, yet their precise physiological functions remain largely unresolved. In the present study we show that group V and X sPLA2s, which are two potent plasma membrane-acting sPLA2s, are capable of preventing host cells from being infected with an adenovirus. Bronchial epithelial cells and lung fibroblasts pre-expressing group V and X sPLA2s showed marked resistance to adenovirus-mediated gene delivery in a manner dependent on their catalytic activity. Although adenovirus particles were insensitive to recombinant group V and X sPLA2s, direct addition of these enzymes to 293A cells suppressed both number and size of adenovirus plaque formation. Group V and X sPLA2s retarded the entry of adenovirus into endosomes. Moreover, adenoviral infection was suppressed by LPC (lysophosphatidylcholine), a membrane-hydrolytic product of these sPLA2s. Thus hydrolysis of the plasma membrane by these sPLA2s may eventually lead to the protection of host cells from adenovirus entry. Given that group V and X sPLA2s are expressed in human airway epithelium and macrophages and that the expression of endogenous group V sPLA2 is upregulated by virus-related stimuli in these cells, our present results raise the possibility that group V and X sPLA2s may play a role in innate immunity against adenoviral infection in the respiratory tract.
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Research Article|
December 12 2005
Group V and X secretory phospholipase A2 prevents adenoviral infection in mammalian cells
Michiko Mitsuishi;
Michiko Mitsuishi
*Department of Health Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
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Seiko Masuda;
Seiko Masuda
*Department of Health Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
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Ichiro Kudo;
Ichiro Kudo
*Department of Health Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
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Makoto Murakami
Makoto Murakami
1
*Department of Health Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
†Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, 3-18-22 Honkomagome, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8613, Japan
1To whom correspondence should be addressed (email mako@rinshoken.or.jp).
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Publisher: Portland Press Ltd
Received:
May 11 2005
Revision Received:
August 24 2005
Accepted:
September 08 2005
Accepted Manuscript online:
September 08 2005
Online ISSN: 1470-8728
Print ISSN: 0264-6021
The Biochemical Society, London
2006
Biochem J (2006) 393 (1): 97–106.
Article history
Received:
May 11 2005
Revision Received:
August 24 2005
Accepted:
September 08 2005
Accepted Manuscript online:
September 08 2005
Citation
Michiko Mitsuishi, Seiko Masuda, Ichiro Kudo, Makoto Murakami; Group V and X secretory phospholipase A2 prevents adenoviral infection in mammalian cells. Biochem J 1 January 2006; 393 (1): 97–106. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/BJ20050781
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