Fertilization begins with interaction between the sperm and the egg. The surface of the vertebrate oocyte is covered with the egg envelope, which is composed of ZP (zona pellucida) glycoproteins. We have identified two glycoproteins, ZP1/gp97 and ZPC/gp42, as the major components of the chicken egg envelope. In the present study, another 42 kDa protein, designated ZPD, has been found as a new major component of the chicken egg envelope. ZPD was specifically released from the egg envelope by ultrasonication treatment without urea. ZPD cDNA was cloned using a chicken granulosa cell cDNA pool. The deduced amino acid sequence showed that preproprotein of ZPD is composed of 418 amino acid residues with four potential N-glycosylation sites and includes a ZP domain, common in vertebrate ZP glycoproteins, and a transmembrane domain. ZPD belongs phylogenetically to a distinct group from known ZP glycoprotein subfamilies, ZPA, ZPB, and ZPC. In two-dimensional gel electrophoresis ZPD proteins were identified to be several isoforms with different pI values between 5 and 7. ZP1, ZPC and the newly identified ZPD were confirmed to be the major components of chicken egg envelope by MS of proteolytic digests of whole egg envelope. The in vitro incubation of chicken sperm with calcium ionophore A23187 induced sperm activation, resulting in the fragmentation and release of a 41 kDa PNA (peanut agglutinin)-positive glycoprotein and the decrease or loss of sperm PNA-stainability. The incubation with ZPD and dimeric ZP1, but not ZPC and monomeric ZP1, also induced the decrease or loss of sperm PNA-stainability, suggesting the in vitro sperm activation by these ZP components. Collectively, ZPD might bind loosely to egg envelope matrix and play a key role in the sperm activation on avian sperm–egg interaction.
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Research Article|
November 09 2004
A newly identified zona pellucida glycoprotein, ZPD, and dimeric ZP1 of chicken egg envelope are involved in sperm activation on sperm–egg interaction
Hiroki OKUMURA;
Hiroki OKUMURA
*Department of Applied Molecular Biosciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
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Yoshinori KOHNO;
Yoshinori KOHNO
*Department of Applied Molecular Biosciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
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Yuki IWATA;
Yuki IWATA
*Department of Applied Molecular Biosciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
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Hitoshi MORI;
Hitoshi MORI
†Department of Bioengineering Sciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
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Naohito AOKI;
Naohito AOKI
*Department of Applied Molecular Biosciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
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Chihiro SATO;
Chihiro SATO
*Department of Applied Molecular Biosciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
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Ken KITAJIMA;
Ken KITAJIMA
†Department of Bioengineering Sciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
‡Bioscience and Biotechnology Center, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan, and Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
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Daita NADANO;
Daita NADANO
*Department of Applied Molecular Biosciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
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Tsukasa MATSUDA
Tsukasa MATSUDA
1
*Department of Applied Molecular Biosciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
1To whom correspondence should be addressed (email tmatsuda@agr.nagoya-u.ac.jp).
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Publisher: Portland Press Ltd
Received:
February 25 2004
Revision Received:
June 25 2004
Accepted:
July 20 2004
Accepted Manuscript online:
July 20 2004
Online ISSN: 1470-8728
Print ISSN: 0264-6021
The Biochemical Society, London
2004
Biochem J (2004) 384 (1): 191–199.
Article history
Received:
February 25 2004
Revision Received:
June 25 2004
Accepted:
July 20 2004
Accepted Manuscript online:
July 20 2004
Citation
Hiroki OKUMURA, Yoshinori KOHNO, Yuki IWATA, Hitoshi MORI, Naohito AOKI, Chihiro SATO, Ken KITAJIMA, Daita NADANO, Tsukasa MATSUDA; A newly identified zona pellucida glycoprotein, ZPD, and dimeric ZP1 of chicken egg envelope are involved in sperm activation on sperm–egg interaction. Biochem J 15 November 2004; 384 (1): 191–199. doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/BJ20040299
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